Organic fertilizer production process

The whole process can be simply divided into three processes: pre-treatment, primary fermentation and post-treatment.

Advance treatment: After the compost raw materials are transported to the landfill, they are weighed by scales and sent to the mixing and stirring device, which cannot be mixed with production and domestic organic wastewater in the factory, and must be mixed with water. Then add organic biological fermentation compound bacteria (1-2kg per ton of raw materials), and according to the composition of raw materials (chicken manure: cassava residue or mushroom residue: straw = 6:2:2) coarse conditioning pile organic fertilizer moisture 60%-65%, carbon and nitrogen ratio of 20-30, mixed into the next process. Dosing shall first dissolve brown sugar in water, then add organic fertilizer fermentation biological bacteria fully stirred, and then the diluted solution evenly splashed on the raw materials, and mixer fully stirred evenly.

Primary fermentation: mix the raw materials with a loader into the primary fermentation workshop, pile into a fermentation pile, while about 2 days to turn the pile, and supplement the water and nutrients, control the fermentation temperature at 50 ℃ ~ 65 ℃ (hot to the touch), aerobic fermentation, the project a fermentation cycle of 8 days, a pool of raw materials into a pool of semi-finished products every day, fermentation of semi-finished products out of the material, ready to enter the next process.

Post-processing: Further sieving of the finished compost, the sieved material is processed separately according to the moisture content. After granulation, the sieved material is sent to the dryer, dried, and mixed with various additives (see Appendix 2 for additives) in proportion to the finished product, which is then divided and stored for sale. The sieved material is returned to the crushing process for reuse.

In summary, the whole process specifically includes fresh crop straw physical dehydration → dry raw material crushing → sieving → mixing (strain fresh livestock manure crushed crop straw mixed in proportion) → pile rot fermentation → temperature change observation → blast, turning pile → moisture control → sieving → finished product → packaging → storage.

Second, the implementation phase of composting

1, raw material mixing: the main material for livestock and poultry manure, the ingredients (straw, waste tobacco, planting and processing waste, etc.) to crush, add organic biofertilizer, you can add some phosphate powder, potassium powder, phosphate powder try to purchase medium-grade phosphate ore (total phosphorus content > 18%), the amount of phosphate powder added to the organic fertilizer raw materials need to consider the acidity of raw materials, weakly acidic raw materials can add more phosphate powder, neutral and slightly Alkaline raw materials to add less natural potassium magnesium sulfate fertilizer, etc., to adjust the nutrient and carbon to nitrogen ratio, carbon to phosphorus ratio, pH value of the material. After treatment, the moisture content of raw materials is controlled at 60%-65%, C/N ratio of 20-30. the production of bio-organic fertilizers need to add beneficial bacteria and functional agents, need to be added after the fermentation of high temperature period when the material temperature is less than 40 degrees, paddle tossing machine can be controlled in the tank material sections, convenient operation, make full use of the equipment batching and mixing function, fermentation mixing function, mixing and drying function, so that the production process is simple. The process is designed for: batching and mixing, fermentation, aging (ripening), drying as one workshop, reducing the multiple handling of materials.

Note: In the composition of raw materials before composting, the main consideration is the carbon and nitrogen ratio and moisture of raw materials, followed by particle size and pH: where the reasonable range of carbon and nitrogen ratio: 20:1-40:1, the best range: 25:1-30:1.

Reasonable range of moisture content: 40% - 65%, optimal range: 50% - 60%.

Reasonable range of particle size: 0.32cm - 1.27cm, depending on material, pile and weather.

Reasonable range of pH value: 5.5-9.0, best range: 6.5-8.0.

2, fermentation: organic fertilizer raw material fermentation using aerobic fermentation process, the use of paddle tossing machine, paddle (rotating tooth type, can be forward and reverse) cutting and tossing materials, tossing can make organic materials move backwards, each turn backwards about 2.2 meters; tossing machine with stirring function can be used as a mixer, ingredients can make layered layered materials stirred well into the fermentation area (or fermentation period), which can greatly Save investment in raw material premixing equipment and material loading and unloading transport and pre-mixing workload, will broiler manure, cassava residue and 0.15% of organic material maturation agent as much as possible to mix evenly, pile 60-80 cm high stack, every 2-3 days with the tumbler mechanical turning pile once, fermentation temperature control at 70 ℃ or less, generally in about 20 days can reach the effect of no odor, that is, fermentation maturation completely.

3, air-drying and powder sieving: the fermented raw materials transported to the outdoor sun yard, natural sun-drying to ensure that the moisture content of 20% or less, that is, the end of air-drying, air-drying raw materials through the crusher crushed and then sieved through a sieve to remove impurities.

Note: It is recommended that in the post-treatment of compost (before air-drying) appropriate secondary fermentation, especially for a large proportion of livestock and poultry manure in the fermentation of raw materials, so as to avoid the finished fertilizer into the soil in the secondary fermentation of rapidly multiplying microorganisms and vegetable roots compete for oxygen and produce the phenomenon of burning roots and seedlings.

4, inspection, packaging: organic raw materials will be crushed and sieved by the inspection (sent outside inspection) after passing the direct quantitative packaging, that is, powdered finished organic fertilizer. Through granulation that is granular finished organic fertilizer.