How to fertilize peanuts

How to fertilize peanuts

1. Seed fertilizer for peanuts

In barren sandy soil or under the condition of insufficient base fertilizer, the application of nitrogen fertilizer or phosphorus fertilizer as seed fertilizer often has a good effect of increasing yield. The amount of seed fertilizer should not be too much, 75 kg of ammonium sulfate per hectare, or 50 kg of granular superphosphate. Peanut seeds are more sensitive to chemical fertilizers, and seed fertilizers should not be in contact with seeds.

2. Top dressing of peanuts

In addition to seed fertilizer, topdressing can be done according to the growth conditions during the peanut growth period. If the base fertilizer and seed fertilizer are insufficient, topdressing at the seedling stage and topdressing at the flowering stage is more important. Topdressing at seedling stage can increase leaf area and dry matter accumulation. 

As well as the number of flowers, needles, fruit, and fruit weight have a promoting effect. For wheat-covered peanuts and summer peanuts, it is too late to apply basal fertilizer or seed fertilizer, and seedling fertilizer should be applied in time to promote plant growth. The dosage of seedling fertilizer is 15-20 kg nitrogen fertilizer and 20-25 kg phosphate fertilizer per hectare. 7.5 tons. In peanut production, attention should be paid to the application of plant ash. If the soil is deficient in potassium, plant ash can be used as a base fertilizer, or topdressing at the seedling stage, 750 kg per hectare. 

The seedling fertilizer should be deeply applied to cover the soil. When planting peanuts in acid soil areas, calcium fertilizer should be applied, and 250-350 kg of slaked lime powder should be applied per hectare, which should be applied deep in the fruiting layer. The calcium in the result layer can be directly absorbed by fruit needles and pods for the formation of pods, because most of the calcium absorbed by the roots is distributed to the stems and leaves after entering the plant, and the amount of calcium distributed to the pods is very small.

Topdressing during flowering is a fertilization measure taken without seedling fertilizer, which can meet the large demand of peanuts for nutrients in the flowering needle period. The effect of topdressing on peanuts at the flowering stage is slightly worse than that at the seedling stage. The effective period of topdressing nitrogen fertilizer is the peak of flower bud differentiation 10 days before the beginning of flowering. When it is necessary to apply phosphate fertilizer as top dressing, it should be applied before the flowering needle stage. 

In addition, peanut leaves had a strong ability to absorb phosphorus, and the phosphorus absorbed by the main stem and lateral leaves could be transferred to each other, but the transfer amount was less in the early stage of growth. At the later stage of growth, because the main stem does not directly bear pods or bears few pods, 79.5% of the phosphorus absorbed is transported to other parts during the full fruit period, while the phosphorus absorbed by the lateral branches is rarely transported to other lateral branches, and most of the phosphorus is transported to other lateral branches. Pods transported to this side branch. Therefore, in the later stage of growth, when the ability of the root system to absorb nutrients is weakened, foliar spraying of phosphorus solution can make the pods full.

3. Bacterial fertilizer and micro-fertilizer for peanuts

Peanut rhizobia fertilizer can make peanuts early nodulation, more nodulation, improve nitrogen fixation ability. It works better especially on soils that have never been planted with peanuts. Rhizobia agents have been produced and used since 1950, generally increasing production by 10% to 15%.

Molybdenum fertilizer, boron fertilizer, manganese fertilizer and iron fertilizer have a certain effect on increasing peanut yield in different regions. The fertilizer effect varies with the soil. Molybdenum fertilizer and boron fertilizer can be applied in the acidic soil in the south, and manganese fertilizer should be applied in the calcareous soil in the north. 

Fertilizer, iron fertilizer. The application method is better by seed dressing and spraying. Seed soaking can easily make the peanut seed coat fall off.